Exchange 2010 is currently still frequently installed, mostly to migrate Exchange 2003. If you want to replace Exchange 2003 and use Exchange 2013, you also have to take the intermediate step via Exchange 2010. Since Exchange 2010 SP3, installation on Server 2012 is supported, but a few requirements must be met first, especially if the domain controllers are still running a 32-bit operating system. Therefore, here is a short installation guide for the first Exchange 2010 server on Windows Server 2012 in an Exchange 2003 environment with 32-bit Server 2003 DCs.
Server 2012 must be a member of the Active Directory, preferably patched up to date. Server 2012 comes with .NET Framework 4.5, Exchange 2010 can do little with it, some advise uninstalling .NET Framework 4, but I don't think that's a good idea. You can also install .NET Framework 3 later.
According to Technet, these requirements must be installed:
Add-WindowsFeature NET-Framework-Features,NET-HTTP-Activation,RPC-over-HTTP-proxy,RSAT-Clustering,Web-Mgmt-Console,WAS-Process-Model,Web-Asp-Net,Web-Basic-Auth,Web-Client-Auth,Web-Digest-Auth,Web-Dir-Browsing,Web-Dyn-Compression,Web-Http-Errors,Web-Http-Logging,Web-Http-Redirect,Web-Http-Tracing,Web-ISAPI-Ext,Web-ISAPI-Filter,Web-Lgcy-Mgmt-Console,Web-Metabase,Web-Net-Ext,Web-Request-Monitor,Web-Server,Web-Static-Content,Web-Windows-Auth,Web-WMI -Restart
Source: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/bb691354%28v=exchg.141%29.aspx
However, this is not quite true, we still need the RSAT tools and .Net framework core:
Add-WindowsFeature NET-Framework-Core,RSAT-ADDS
and of course the .Net Framework 3. There are two options for installing .Net 3: either insert the DVD and specify the DVD as an alternative source in the Server Manager, or if this is not possible because you may want to install Exchange Remote, copy the SXS directory from the DVD to the server and then specify the directory as an alternative storage location. The SXS directory can be found on the Server 2012 DVD under \Sources\SXS and has approximately this content
After these features have been selected in the server manager
the SXS directory can be selected as the source path in the next dialog
Now the operating system requirements are fulfilled, only the Office Filter Pack and the SP1 for the Filter Pack are missing:
http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=17062
http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=26604
Simply download and install. I always do the schema update manually, if you find this error message in the installation logs during the schema update, you have not installed the RSAT tools
[07.24.2013 20:33:18.0030] [1] [ERROR] The following error was generated when „$error.Clear();
install-ExchangeSchema -LdapFileName ($roleInstallPath + „Setup\Data\“+$RoleSchemaPrefix + „schema0.ldf“)“ was run: „Das System kann die angegebene Datei nicht finden“.
[07.24.2013 20:33:18.0030] [1] [ERROR] The system cannot find the specified file
I first execute these commands from the Windows 2012 Server:
setup.com /preparelegacyexchangepermissions
setup.com /ps
setup.com /pd
setup.com /preparead
Now the installation of Exchange 2010 can begin, either via GUI or with the CMD:
setup.com /mode:install /r:CA,HT,MB
The GUI should no longer complain that something is missing:
The migration is then identical again.